Your menstrual cycle can be a powerful indicator of your overall health. While every person’s cycle is unique, there are times when irregular periods may signal something more serious. Understanding the causes, what’s considered normal, and when to seek medical advice can help you feel more in control of your reproductive health.

What Are Irregular Periods?

An irregular period means your cycle length varies significantly month to month. A normal menstrual cycle ranges from 21 to 35 days, and anything outside of that may be considered irregular. Some common signs include:

- Skipping periods for months
- Menstruating more than once a month
- Periods that are unusually heavy or light
- Spotting between cycles

What Causes Irregular Periods?

There are a variety of reasons your period might be irregular. These include:

1. Stress and Lifestyle Changes – Emotional stress or changes in routine can disrupt your hormonal balance.
   CDC on Stress and Health
   
   

2. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) – A common hormonal disorder that affects ovulation.
   CDC on PCOS
   
   

3. Thyroid Disorders – Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can affect menstrual cycles.
   NIH on Thyroid Disease
   
   

4. Birth Control and Medications – Hormonal contraceptives can change the rhythm of your cycle, especially during the first few months.
   
   

5. Perimenopause – As the body transitions to menopause, irregular periods are common in people aged 40+.
   
   

When to Talk to a Doctor

Irregular periods aren’t always a cause for concern, but you should see a healthcare provider if:

- You go 3+ months without a period
- You bleed excessively or experience severe cramps
- You suspect you may have PCOS or a thyroid issue
- You’re trying to conceive and experiencing cycle irregularity

Your doctor may recommend blood tests, ultrasounds, or lifestyle changes depending on your symptoms and history.

Be Kind to Your Body

Tracking your cycle with a period app or journal can help you identify patterns and bring helpful information to your healthcare provider. Lifestyle choices like balanced nutrition, stress management, and exercise also play a role in menstrual health.

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